Implementation Guide for FI-GL(4)

February 27, 2009 by mySAP
Filed under: General Ledger Configuration

4. Financial Accounting (New)
4.1. Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)
4.1.1. Global Parameters for Company Code
4.1.1.1. Enter Global Parameters

In this activity, make various global specifications for the company code.

4.1.1.2. Currencies
4.1.1.2.1. Maximum Exchange Rate Difference

In this activity, define a maximum difference between exchange rates for postings in foreign currency per company code.

4.1.1.2.1.1. Define Maximum Exchange Rate Difference per Company Code
4.1.1.3. Tax
4.1.1.3.1. VAT Registration Numbers (VAT Reg.No.)
4.1.1.3.1.1. Define Domestic VAT Registration Numbers

In this step, you store the VAT registration number for every company code. The VAT registration number applies to the company code country.

4.1.1.3.2. Activate Extended Withholding Tax

In this activity you activate extended withholding tax.

4.1.2. Ledgers
4.1.2.1. Ledger
4.1.2.1.1. Define Ledgers for General Ledger Accounting

In this IMG activity, you define the ledgers that you use in General Ledger Accounting. The ledgers are based on a totals table. SAP recommends using the delivered standard totals table FAGLFLEXT.

4.1.2.1.2. Define Currencies for Leading Ledgers
4.1.2.2. Fiscal Year and Posting Period
4.1.2.2.1. Maintain Fiscal Year Variant (Maintain Shortened Fisc. Year)

You can define how many posting periods a fiscal year has, how many special periods you need, and how the system is to determine the posting periods when posting for a fiscal year variant.

4.1.2.2.2. Assign Company Code to a Fiscal Year Variant

You must specify which fiscal year variant is to be used for every cmapany code.

4.1.2.2.3. Posting Periods
4.1.2.2.3.1. Define Variant for Open Posting Period

In this activity, you can define variants for open posting periods

4.1.2.2.3.2. Open and Close Posting Periods

In this activity, you can specify which periods are open for posting for each variant. You have two time intervals (time period 1 and time period 2). In each interval, specify a period lower limit, a period upper limit, and the fiscal year.

4.1.2.2.3.3. Assign Variant to Company Code
4.1.2.3. Fields
4.1.2.3.1. Define Field Status Variants

In this activity you can define and edit field status variants and groups.

4.1.2.3.2. Assign Company Code to Field Status Variants

In this IMG activity, you assign the company codes in which you want to work with relevant field status groups to the same field status variant.

4.1.2.4. Real-Time Integration of Controlling with Financial Accounting
4.1.3. Document
4.1.3.1. Document Number Ranges
4.1.3.1.1. Document in Entry View
4.1.3.1.1.1. Define Document Number Ranges for Entry View

In this IMG activity you create number ranges for documents. For each number range you specify a number interval from which document numbers are selected, and the type of number assignment (internal or external).

4.1.3.2. Document Types
4.1.3.2.1. Define Document Types for Entry View

In this activity, you define your document types. Document types are used to differentiate the business transactions and to manage how document are stored. This documentation describes the special procedure for setting up document types for New General Ledger Accounting.

4.1.3.3. Define Posting Keys

In this activity you define posting keys. Users specify a posting key before entering a line item. The posting key controls how the line item is entered and processed. For each posting key, you define which side of an account can be posted to, which type of account can be posted to, and which fields the system displays on the entry screens and whether an entry must be made (field status).

4.1.3.4. Define Texts for Line Items

In this activity, you can store texts under keys which can be transferred to the line item. When entering a document, the key is entered in the text field.

4.1.3.5. Default Values
4.1.3.5.1. Define Default Values

In this activity, you define default values for document types and posting keys which must be entered by the user when processing business transactions.

4.1.3.5.2. Enable Fiscal Year Default

In this activity, you determine that a fiscal year is proposed during document display and for document change functions. The system uses the year which was last used by the user in the work session.

4.1.3.5.3. Default Value Date

When entering line items, you may need to enter a value date. In this activity you can determine, per company code, whether the CPU date is defaulted as the value date.

4.1.4. Tax on Sales/Purchases
4.1.4.1. Basic Settings
4.1.4.1.1. Assign Country to Calculation Procedure

In this activity, you enter the key for the calculation procedure which determines the conditions which are allowed per document and which defines the sequence of the conditions in the document for each country.

4.1.4.2. Calculation
4.1.4.2.1. Define Tax Codes for Sales and Purchases

You have to define a separate tax on sales/purchases code for each country in which one of your company codes is located.

4.1.4.2.2. Assign Company Code to Document Date for Tax Determination
4.1.4.3. Posting
4.1.4.3.1. Assign Tax Codes for Non-Taxable Transactions

In this activity you define an incoming and outgoing tax code for each company code, to be used for posting non-taxable transactions to tax-relevant accounts. Transactions posted like this are, for example; goods issue delivery, goods movement, goods receipt purchase order, goods receipt production order, order accounting.

4.2. General Ledger Accounting (New)
4.2.1. Master Data
4.2.1.1. G/L Accounts
1.1.1.1.1. Preparations
4.2.1.1.1.1. Edit Chart of Accounts List

In the chart of accounts list you enter the charts of accounts that you want to use in your organization (at client level).

4.2.1.1.1.2. Assign Company Code to Chart of Accounts

For each company code, you need to specify which chart of accounts is to be used. Several company codes can use the same chart of accounts.

4.2.1.1.1.3. Define Account Group

The account group determines the interval in which the account number must be, which fields are required and optional entries when creating and changing master records, and which fields are suppressed when creating and changing master data. It enables you to control the layout of screens.

4.2.1.1.1.4. Define Retained Earnings Account

You assign a retained earnings account to each P&L account by specifying a P&L statement account type in the chart of accounts area of each P&L account.

4.2.1.2. Profit Center
4.2.1.2.1. Define Standard Hierarchy

The standard hierarchy is a structure which contains all the cost centers belonging to one controlling area.

4.2.2. Business Transactions
4.2.2.1. Docmnet Splitting

Each business transaction that is entered is analyzed during the document splitting procedure. In this analysis, the system determines for each line item whether it is an item that remains unchanged or an item that should be split.

4.2.2.1.1. Classify G/L Accounts for Document Splitting

Every business transaction that is entered is analyzed during the document splitting process. In this process, the system determines which splitting rule is applied to the document. In order that the system can determine the splitting rule, you must assign a business transaction variant to each document type.

4.2.2.1.2. Define Zero-Balance Clearing Account
4.2.2.1.3. Define Document Splitting Characteristics for General Ledger Accounting

In this IMG activity, you specify for which characteristics you want to perform document splitting in General Ledger Accounting

4.2.2.1.4. Edit Constants for Nonassigned Processes

In this IMG activity, you define default account assignments (for example, a default segment) for specific line items in processes for which it is not possible to derive the correct account assignments at the time when the document is posted. This is the case if the required information is not yet available when the posting occurs.

4.2.2.1.5. Activate Document Splitting
4.2.2.2. Open Item Clearing
4.2.2.2.1. Define Posting Keys for Clearing

In this activity, define the posting keys the system uses to create line items automatically during clearing transactions. The payment program uses these posting keys as well.

4.2.2.2.2. Clearing Differences
4.2.2.2.2.1. Define Tolerance Groups for G/L Accounts

For G/L account clearing, tolerance groups define the limits within which differences are accepted and automatically posted to predefined accounts. The groups defined here can be assigned in the general ledger account master record.

4.2.2.2.2.2. Define Tolerance Groups for Employees

In this activity you can define different amount limits for your employees. You use these limits to determine the maximum amount for which an employee is permitted to post a document, the maximum line item amount an employee is permitted to enter in a customer, vendor or general ledger account, the percentage amount an employee can enter in a line item, and the maximum acceptable payment difference.

4.2.2.3. Adjustment Posting/Reversal
4.2.2.3.1. Define Reasons for Reversal

In this activity you define the reasons for making a reverse posting or reversal. The reason for reversal is displayed in the reversed document.

4.2.3. Periodic Processing
4.2.3.1. Valuate
4.2.3.1.1. Define Valuation Methods

In this IMG activity, you define your valuation methods for the open items. With the valuation method, you group specifications together which you need for the balance and individual valuation.

4.2.3.1.2. Define Valuation Areas

In this IMG activity, you define your valuation areas for your closing operations. With the valuation areas, you can report different valuation approaches and post to different accounts. You can save the valuation result separately for each document item and use it for other closing operations (such as sorted lists).

4.2.3.1.3. Assign Valuation Areas and Accounting Principles
4.2.3.1.4. Foreign Currency Valuation
4.2.3.1.4.1. Prepare Automatic Postings for Foreign Currency Valuation

In this activity you define the numbers of the accounts to which you want the system automatically posts exchange rate differences when valuating open items and foreign currency balances. You can also define the accounts for realized exchange rate differences during open item clearing. The valuation of foreign currency balances requires a special key that is assigned the gain and loss accounts for posting any exchange rate differences that occur during valuation. You can freely define this key. You then enter it in the master records of the accounts that you want to valuate.

4.2.3.2. Reclassify
4.2.3.2.1. Define Adjustment Accounts for GR/IR Clearing

In this activity you define the numbers of the adjustment and target accounts for the automatic postings for the GR/IR clearing account.

4.2.3.2.2. Transfer and Sort Receivables and Payables
4.2.3.2.2.1. Define Sort Method and Adjustment Accts for Regrouping Receivables/Payables

In this activity you define your sort method. You define the periods for the remaining terms of receivables and payables. For each period, you can specify whether transfer postings are to be made for customer, vendor, or G/L accounts.

4.2.3.3. Document
4.2.3.3.1. Define Financial Statement Versions

You can define the versions you need to create a balance sheet and profit and loss statement.

4.2.3.4. Report
4.2.3.4.1. Sales/Purchases Tax Returns
4.2.3.4.1.1. Define Accounts for Automatic Tax Payable Transfer Posting

In this activity, you enter the number of the tax payable account and the posting keys for the debit and credit postings to this account for the chart of accounts used.