Document types are created for customer, vendor and general ledger business transactions in SAP Financial Accounting. The document types in SAP differentiate business transactions and control filing.

A number range is specified for each document type. Document numbers are chosen from this number range. One number range can be used for several document types.

Contol Data of Document Types Setting:

• Net document type indicator
• Cust/vend check
• Negative Postings Permitted
• Inter-company postgs
• Enter trading partner

Net document type:

Select this indicator to have the SAP system automatically deduct cash discounts from vendor invoices that are posted with this document type.

Negative Postings Permitted:

Indicates that individual line items can be marked as negative postings. Once a document is posted in Financial Accounting in SAP system, the SAP system updates the transaction figures. If this indicator is set, you can use this document type to reverse incorrect postings item-by-item by making negative postings and thus eliminate their effect on transaction figures.

Inter-company postgs:

Indicator set at document type level. It defines that within a document, account assignment can be cross-company. This means that:

• Accounts are assigned to several trading partners.
• Accounts are assigned to one or more trading partners and one group-external business partner.
• It follows that the trading partner is not unique per document.
• The company ID defined in the master record for this affiliated business partner cannot be transferred to all line items.

Enter trading partner:

Indicates that for postings with the document type selected, you can enter the partner company manually.

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The SAP Document Type is a two-character alphanumeric key that identifies documents.

• The SAP Document Type distinguishes between types of business transactions that are posted

SA: General Ledger Accounting Document
DR: Customer Invoice
DZ: Customer Payment

• The SAP Document Type controls the Account Types that may be used in the posting with this SAP Document Type

D: Customer Accounts
K: Vendor Accounts
S: G/L Accounts
A: Assets Accounts
M: Material Accounts

• The SAP Document Type is assigned a Number Range, which controls how Document Numbers are assigned

• The SAP Document Type can be used as a sort criteria

It is possible to restrict user access to a Document Type by using authorizations.

Special Document Types

In the standard SAP system, the following Document Types have a special use:

KN: Vendor Net Invoice
RV: Billing Document Transfer from SD

When posting a vendor invoice net, the SAP system posts the expense net, without tax and cash discount line items. Net vendor invoices can only be posted if a special Document Type marked as “Net Document Type” (standard Document Type KN) is used.

If Sales and Distribution (SD) is being implemented, a Document Type to transfer customer Billing Documents from SD to FI is needed. When using both modules, generally the SD module creates the customer bill (invoice). This information must be recorded in FI for reporting purposes and for accounts receivable tracking.

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